People
under 65 who eat a lot of meat, eggs and dairy are four times as likely to die
from cancer or diabetes, study suggests
The Guardian, Ian Sample, science correspondent, Tuesday 4 March 2014
 |
| The study throws doubt on the long-term safety of the Atkins and Paleo diets, which are high in meat, eggs and other sources of animal protein. Photograph: Reuters |
A diet rich
in meat, eggs, milk and cheese could be as harmful to health as smoking,
according to a major study into the impact of protein consumption on longevity.
High levels
of dietary animal protein in people under 65 years of age was linked to a
staggering fourfold increase in their risk of death from cancer or diabetes,
and almost double the risk of dying from any cause over an 18-year period,
researchers found.
The overall
harmful effects were almost completely wiped out when the protein came from
plant sources, such as beans and legumes, though cancer risk was still three
times as high in middle-aged people who ate a protein-rich diet, compared with
those on a low-protein diet.
But whereas
middle-aged people who consumed a lot of animal protein tended to die younger
from cancer, diabetes and other diseases, the same diet seemed to protect
people's health in old age.
The
findings emerged from a study of 6,381 people aged 50 and over who took part in
the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) which tracks a
representative group of adults and children in the US.
The study
throws doubt on the long-term health effects of the popular Atkins and Paleo
diets that are rich in protein. Instead, it suggests people should eat a
low-protein diet until old age when they start to lose weight and become frail,
and then boost the body's protein intake to stay healthy. In the over-65s, a
high-protein diet cut the risk of death from any cause by 28%, and reduced
cancer deaths by 60%, according to details of the study published in the
journal Cell Metabolism.
Valter Longo, director of the Longevity Institute at the University of Southern
California, said that on the basis of the study and previous work, people
should restrict themselves to no more than 0.8g of protein a day for every
kilogram of body weight, equivalent to 48g for a 60kg person, and 64g for an
80kg person.
"People
need to switch to a diet where only around nine or ten percent of their
calories come from protein, and the ideal sources are plant-based," Longo
told the Guardian. "We are not saying go and do some crazy diet we came up
with. If we are wrong, there is no harm done, but if we are right you are
looking at an incredible effect that in general is about as bad as
smoking."
"Spend
a couple of months looking at the labels on your food. There is a little bit of
protein everywhere. If you eat breakfast, you might get 4g protein, but a piece
of chicken for lunch may have 50g protein," said Longo, who skips lunch to
control his calorie and protein intake.
People who
took part in the study consumed an average of 1,823 calories a day, with 51%
coming from carbohydrates, 33% from fat, and 16% from protein, of which two
thirds was animal protein. Longo divided them into three groups. The
high-protein group got 20% or more of their calories from protein, the moderate
group got 10 to 19% of their calories from protein, and the low group got less
than 10% of calories from protein.
Teasing out
the health effects of individual nutrients is notoriously difficult. The
apparently harmful effects of a high-protein diet might be down to one or more
other substances in meat, or driven by lifestyle factors that are more common
in regular red meat eaters versus vegetarians. Other factors can skew results
too: a person on the study who got ill might have gone off their food, and seen
a proportional rise in the amount of calories they get from protein. In that
case, it would be the illness driving the diet, not the other way round.
"I
would urge general caution over observational studies, and particularly when
looking at diet, given the difficulties of disentangling one nutrient or
dietary component from another. You can get an association that might have some
causal linkage or might not," said Peter Emery, head of nutrition and
dietetics at King's College London.
Most people
in Britain eat more protein than they need. The British Dietetic Association
recommends a daily intake of 45g and 55g of protein for the average woman and
man respectively. But according to the British Nutrition Foundation the average
protein intake per day is 88g and 64g for men and women.
In a series
of follow-up experiments, Longo looked at what might lie behind the apparently
damaging effects of a high-protein diet on health in middle age. Blood tests on
people in the study showed that levels of a growth hormone called IGF-1 rose
and fell in line with protein intake. For those on a high protein diet, rises
in IGF-1 steadily increased their cancer risk. Further tests on mice found that
a high-protein diet led to more cancer and larger tumours than a low-protein
diet.
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(39) Question: Dear Kryon: I've noticed how many children are developing severe allergies to foods (my daughter included). When I've researched this, it seems that most of the allergies are essentially to seeds, grains, legumes, eggs, and dairy. I've noticed that these foods all hold the potential for life, or in the case of dairy, are essentially used to sustain the first stages of life in an animal's baby. My feeling is that because we're not releasing the life force within these foods (that is, sprouting, etc.), they're becoming harmful to us. I would like your impressions of this.
Answer: For thousands of years, these foods have worked for humanity. In these cases you speak about, the main culprit continues to be the way in which these foods are collected and processed. You won't find these allergies in third-world countries, and you won't find them within the children who work on farms, where they eat the foods directly. There will eventually have to come a day when you relax some of your efficiency attributes and go back to the way food was meant to be collected and eaten. And yes... there are effects from how the dairy animals are treated, too. Going back to some basics will help, and so will eliminating some of the procedures that supposedly create a "safer food." These procedures have instead made them begin to look like foreign food to the Human body.
(15) Question: Dear Kryon, please help us understand the increase of allergies. What can we do to heal this phenomenon?
Answer: Reduce the steps in your food chain, which are adding chemistry to fresh food.
(13) Question: Dear Kryon, I’m very concerned about the obesity epidemic, particularly in the U.S. Around me I see people getting bigger and more unhealthy, all for the sake of convenience and saving time. You mentioned at one point a famine, and I suspect the famine won’t be from a lack of food, but from an abundance of food that has no nutritional value.
I wonder how we can honor the Earth by eating nothing that comes straight from it? Of course this involves caring for the lands and oceans as part of a bigger issue and making that connection, too. Is this what it will finally take for people to switch to a healthier way of living?
Its amazing how detached people are from the food they eat. We don’t even honor our digestive processes, the way we combine foods. Whatever happened to nutrition? Atkins is no solution; there is no balance in it. Gastric bypass is all about quantity reduction, not quality increase. When will people make the direct connection between what/how they eat and their health? Is a change in diet and lifestyle part of the upcoming shift?
Answer: The shift has little to do with it. It’s a culture-specific problem and has to do with consciousness of health. Go study the cultures on your planet that have very few overweight Humans. Start with the Japanese. They have some of the same western work ethics and live in very sophisticated industrial-based environments. Yet they aren’t overweight. It’s about the core food groups and the combination of them.
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